In 2019, the World Health Organization reported that India had 13 of the world's 20 most polluted cities. Although emission standards for diesel engines and generator sets was set in 2004, as recently as 2014 these standards were modified to be more stringent in an attempt to address the continued high levels of air pollution. Following these changes, the India Supreme Court began cracking down on Delhi generator pollution and frequently puts in place emergency orders to address dangerous levels of pollution.
Emissions from new diesel engines used in generator sets have been established and regulated by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The regulations impose approval testing, production conformity testing, and labeling requirements. The regulations also include a list of authorized agencies for type approval testing.
Engines up to 800 kW. Emission limits for new diesel engines ≤ 800 kW used in genset applications were set in 2002 and strengthened in 2013. The regulations also set noise limits for diesel generator sets up to 1000 kVA.
The emission standards are listed below. Table 1 summarizes the standards that became applicable in 2004/2005, and Table 2 lists the strengthened limits applicable from April 2014. You can access the original document HERE
Table 1
Emission standards for diesel engines ≤ 800 kW for generator sets (2004/2005)
| Engine Power (P) | Date | CO | HC | NOx | PM | Smoke |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| g/kWh | 1/m | |||||
| P ≤ 19 kW | 2005.07 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 9.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 19 kW < P ≤ 50 kW | 2004.07 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 9.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 50 kW < P ≤ 176 kW | 2004.01 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 9.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 176 kW < P ≤ 800 kW | 2004.11 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 9.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
Table 2
Emission standards for diesel engines ≤ 800 kW for generator sets (2014)
| Engine Power (P) | Date | CO | NOx+HC | PM | Smoke |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| g/kWh | 1/m | ||||
| P ≤ 19 kW | 2014.04 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 19 kW < P ≤ 75 kW | 2014.04 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| 75 kW < P ≤ 800 kW | 2014.04 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 0.7 |
Engines are tested over the 5-mode ISO 8178 D2 test cycle, an international standard for exhaust emission measurement from a number of non-road engine applications. It is used for emission certification and/or type approval testing in many countries, including the United States, European Union and Japan. Smoke opacity must not exceed the limits at full load (Table 1) or at any load point of the test cycle (Table 2). The same limits are applicable for type approval and for conformity of production (COP) testing.
Engines above 800 kW. Emission standards for new diesel engines above 800 kW used in genset applications were phased-in between 2003 and 2005, Table 3.
Table 3
Emission limits for diesel engines > 800 kW for generator sets
| Date | CO | NMHC | NOx | PM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mg/Nm3 | mg C/Nm3 | ppm(v) | mg/Nm3 | |
| Until 2003.06 | 150 | 150 | 1100 | 75b |
| 2003.07 - 2005.06 | 150 | 100 | 970 (710a) | 75c |
| 2005.07 | 150 | 100 | 710 (360a) | 75c |
| a For engines in plants of total power rating above 75/150 MW located in urban/rural areas, respectively. b 150 mg/Nm3 for engines fueled with furnace oil. c 100 mg/Nm3 for engines fueled with furnace oil. |
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Concentrations are corrected to dry exhaust conditions at 15% residual O2.